FEATURES OF MULTIPLEXED HOLOGRAMS RECORDING IN PHOTO-THERMO-REFRACTIVE GLASS

We have carried out calculations of recording conditions for multiplexed holograms in photo-thermo-refractive (PTR) glass. The proposed calculation sets the link between such parameters as: the angle between recording beams and the angle of sample rotation, operating wavelength, the angle of incidence on the element, output angle. To study recording features of multiplexed holograms on PTR glass several elements was made. Six holograms in each element were recorded with various exposures. All samples were heat-treated at one temperature around glass transition temperature. It has been demonstrated that at the recording of several gratings with a total exposure exceeding an optimal value for a given material, the total value of the refractive index modulation amplitude (n1) reaches the maximum attainable magnitude that is equivalent to a value of a single hologram with optimal exposure. It has been found that refractive index dynamic range of the material distributes between the gratings in accordance with the ratio between exposure times if holograms exposures have significant differences. In the present paper six-channel multiplexer was recorded for a wavelength equal to 632.8 nm (He-Ne laser). The diffraction angles correspond to calculations mentioned above. The n1 value in each grating is equal to the value of the highest attainable value of the value of n1 divided by the total number of multiplexed holograms.

1. Glebova L., Chamma K., Lumeau J., Glebov L. Photo-thermo-refractive glass - properties and applications. Proc. Conf. on Advances in Optical Materials. Istanbul, Turkey, 2011, art. AIThC2. doi: 10.1364/AIOM.2011.AIThC2
2. Andrusyak O., Smirnov V., Venus G., Vorobiev N., Glebov L. Applications of volume Bragg gratings for spectral control and beam combining of high power fiber lasers. Proceedings of SPIE, 2009, vol. 7195, art. 71951Q. doi: 10.1117/12.813402
3. Andrusyak O., Ciapurin I., Smirnov V., Venus G., Glebov L. Spectral beam combining of fiber lasers with increased channel density. Proceedings of SPIE, 2007, vol. 6453, art. 64531L. doi: 10.1117/12.712602
4. Drachenberg D.R., Andrusyak O., Venus G., Smirnov V., Glebov L.B. Thermal tuning of volume Bragg gratings for spectral beam combining of high-power fiber lasers. Applied Optics, 2014, vol. 53, no. 6, pp. 1242–1246. doi: 10.1364/AO.53.001242
5. Drachenberg D.R., Andrusyak O., Venus G., Smirnov V., Lumeau J., Glebov L.B. Ultimate efficiency of spectral beam combining by volume Bragg gratings. Applied Optics, 2013, vol. 52, no. 30, pp. 7233–7242. doi: 10.1364/AO.52.007233
6. Andrusyak O., Drachenberg D.R., Smirnov V., Venus G., Glebov L. Fiber laser system with kW-level spectrally-combined output. Proc. 21st Annual Solid State and Diode Laser Technology Review, SSDLTR-2008 Technical Digest. Albuquerque, 2008.
7. Ott D., Segall M., Divliansky I., Venus G., Glebov L. High-contrast filtering by multipass diffraction between paired volume Bragg gratings. Applied Optics, 2015, vol. 54, no. 31, pp. 9065–9070. doi: 10.1364/AO.54.009065
8. Laskin A., Drachenberg D., Mokhov S., Venus G., Glebov L., Laskin V. Applying refractive beam shapers for spectral beam combining with volume Bragg gratings. Proceedings of SPIE, 2012, vol. 8433, Laser Sources and Applications, art. 84330L. doi: 10.1117/12.922893
9. Divliansky I., Ott D., Anderson B., Drachenberg D., Rotar V., Venus G., Glebov L. Multiplexed volume Bragg gratings for spectral beam combining of high power fiber lasers. Proceedings of SPIE, 2012, vol. 8237, Fiber Lasers IX: Technology, Systems, and Applications, art. 823705. doi: 10.1117/12.909519
10. Lu C.A., Newell T.C., Glebov L., Balakrishnan G. Wavelength beam combining of VECSELs using multiplexed volume Bragg gratings in a compound cavity. Electronics Letters, 2015, vol. 51, no. 6, pp.
508–510. doi: 10.1049/el.2014.4111
11. Lu C.A., Roach W.P., Balakrishnan G., Albrecht A.R., Moloney J.V., Glebov L.B. Beam combination of multiple vertical external cavity surface emitting lasers via volume Bragg gratings. Proceedings of SPIE, 2014, vol. 8966, Vertical External Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VECSELs) IV, art. 89660Y. doi: 10.1117/12.2039666
12. Ingersoll G.B., Leger J.R. Channel density and efficiency optimization of spectral beam combining systems based on volume Bragg gratings in sequential and multiplexed arrangements. Applied Optics, 2015, vol. 54, no. 20, pp. 6244–6253. doi: 10.1364/AO.54.006244
13. Glebov A.L., Mokhun O., Rapaport A., Vergnole S., Smirnov V., Glebov L.B. Volume Bragg gratings as ultra-narrow and multiband optical filters. Proceedings of SPIE, 2012, vol. 8428, art. 84280C. doi: 10.1117/12.923575
14. Ott D., Divliansky I., Anderson B., Venus G., Glebov L. Scaling the spectral beam combining channels in a multiplexed volume Bragg grating. Optics Express, 2013, vol. 21, no. 24, pp. 29620–29627. doi: 10.1364/OE.21.029620
15. Kuchinskii S.A., Nikonorov N.V., Panysheva E.I., Savin V.V, Tunimanova I.V. Properties of volume phase holograms on multichrom glasses. Optics and Spectroscopy, 1991, vol. 70, no. 6, pp. 1296–1300.
16. Ivanov S.A., Ignat'ev A.I., Nikonorov N.V., Aseev V.A. Holographic characteristics of a modified photothermorefractive glass. Journal of Optical Technology, 2014, vol. 81, no. 6, pp. 356–360. doi: 10.1364/JOT.81.000356
17. Fohrmann L.S., Petrov A.Yu., Lang S., Jalas D., Krauss T.F., Eich M. Single mode thermal emission. Optics Express, 2015, vol. 23, no. 21, pp. 27672–27682. doi: 10.1364/OE.23.027672
18. Collier R.J., Burckhardt C.B., Lin L.H. Optical Holography. NY-London, Academic Press, 1971.
 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License