CLASSIFICATION AND DESIGN OF HYDRO-LENSES.

Anitropov R.V., Livshits I.L., Novoselov M.V. Classification and design of hydro-lenses. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 2019, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 801–808 (in Russian).

doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2019-19-5-801-808

Subject of Research. The paper considers hydro-lenses for the study of the World Ocean, including its Arctic zone. The issues of work at shallow depths and the shelf are regarded as having been resolved; the work is actively carried out at medium depths, 300–500 meters, therefore, the projects involving the study of deep water become the most relevant. These tasks are complex and multidisciplinary and, surely, require large scientific, technical and financial investments for their solutions and are able to ensure the replacement of expensive imported equipment. In terms of complexity, they are not inferior to the issues of space exploration. Method. Maximum attention is paid to the design of specialized optical systems that provide the formation, input and transmission of visual information from distant objects, which cannot be obtained by any other means. It is important to understand the role and purpose of each element in the design of such systems. This knowledge helps the developer to find the optimal solution for selecting the starting point of the optical system. The design methods were based on the experience of ITMO University in the development of optical schemes for hydro-lenses and their implementation in national projects for the World Ocean exploration. The main approach used in the design of hydro-lenses involves combining the analysis of the known solutions, their classification, recommendations of opticians-experts skilled in the art, as well as structural and parametric synthesis with subsequent automated correction of lens circuits. In recent years, virtual prototyping of models of hydro-lenses and their interaction with the external environment has been actively used. Main Results. The main results and their practical significance consist in calculation procedure development for hydro-lenses intended for deep-sea exploration and the creation of a number of hydro-lenses for solving applied scientific problems. The paper presents diagrams of certain lenses. Practical Relevance. The developed hydro-lenses can be used to solve various scientific and economic problems at deep waters of the World Ocean, up to the maximum ones.

1. Bronshtein I.G., Vasil’ev V.N., Livshits I.L. Optical-information systems for undersea research. St. Petersburg, SPbGU ITMO, 2009, 147 p. (in Russian)
2. Rusinov M.M. Composition of Optical Systems. St. Petersburg, Mashinostroenie Publ., 1989, 382 p. (in Russian)
3. Baturin G.N. The ore potential of the ocean. Available at: http:// vivovoco.astronet.ru/VV/JOURNAL/NATURE/05_02/OCEAN. HTM (accessed: 27.08.19). (in Russian)
4. Livshits I., Dilworth D.C. Practical tutorial: A simple strategy to start a pinhole lens design. Advanced Optical Technologies, 2015, vol. 4, no. 5-6, pp. 413–427. doi: 10.1515/aot-2015-0024
5. Livshits I.L., Vasilyev V.N. Q and A tutorial on optical design. Advanced Optical Technologies, 2013, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 31–39. doi: 10.1515/aot-2012-0077
6. Anitropova I.L. Formalizing the heuristic synthesis procedure in lens design. OSA Proc. оf the International Optical Design Conference, Rochester, USA, June 1994.
7. Livshits I., Salnikov A. CAD based on developed algorithm and expert rules in proposed in automate lens. Proc. 4th International Conference on Optics-Photonics Design & Fabrication, ODF’04, Makuhari, Chiba, Japan, 12-15 July 2004.
8. Livshits I.L., Bronchtein I.G. Database of optical elements suitable for lens CAD. Proc. 5th International Conference on Optics-Photonics Design & Fabrication, ODF’06, Nara, Japan, December 2006.
9. Anitropova I.L., Ivanov P.D., Russinov M.M. Underwater Pinhole Lens. Patent USSR № 830275, 1981. (in Russian)
10. Zhang Y., Gross H. Systematic design of microscopic lenses. Proceedings of SPIE, 2017, vol. 10590, pp. 105901G. doi: 10.1117/12.2287633
11. Wilson R.H., Brost R.C., Strip D.R., Sudol R.J., Youngworth R.N., McLaughlin P.O. Considerations for tolerancing aspheric optical components. Applied Optics, 2004, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. 57–66. doi: 10.1364/AO.43.000057
12. Lerner S.A., Sasian J.M. Optical design with parametrically defined aspheric surfaces. Applied Optics, 2000, vol. 39, no. 28, pp. 5205–5213. doi: 10.1364/AO.39.005205
13. Prager E. Chasing Science at Sea: Racing Hurricanes, Stalking Sharks, and Living Undersea With Ocean Experts. Chicago, London, The University of Chicago Press, 2008, 162 p.
 

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License