doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2020-20-3-327-334


Koreshev S.N., Starovoitov S.O., Smorodinov D.S., Frolova M.A. 
QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF BINARY OBJECT IMAGES RECONSTRUCTED BY COMPUTER-GENERATED HOLOGRAMS

S. N. Koreshev, S. O. Starovoitov, D. S. Smorodinov, M. A. Frolova


Read the full article  ';
Article in Russian

For citation:
Koreshev S.N., Starovoitov S.O., Smorodinov D.S., Frolova M.A. Quality assessment of binary object images reconstructed by computer-generated holograms. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 2020, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 327–334 (in Russian). doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2020-20-3-327-334


Abstract
Subject of Research. The paper considers the issues of objective quality assessment of computer-generated Fresnel holograms and reconstructed binary object images. Method. The work is performed by the method of projection holographic photolithography based on computer-generated Fresnel holograms. The synthesis of holograms was carried out by mathematical modeling of the physical processes of hologram recording and reconstruction in the original software package using the following parameters: the binary object characteristic size of 80 × 80 nm, laser wavelength of 13.5 nm, hologram pixel size of 20 × 20 nm, the distance between an object and hologram planes equal to 20.4 μm, reference wave incidence angle of 14°42′. The hologram synthesis for each object under research was carried out for the case of two different synthesis setup parameters. The reconstructed images of these objects were compared by three methods: the peak signal-to-noise ratio calculation method, the structural similarity index calculation method, and the method of image quality assessment based on the calculation of the number of levels at the threshold image processing, which is an imitation of photoresist response to actinic radiation exposure. Main Results. Diffraction-based criterion, traditionally applied in optics, is proven to be the most relevant for the quality evaluation of projection photolithographic systems, including systems based on computer-generated holograms. It is established that the methods based on the calculation of the structural similarity index and on estimation of the number of levels at the threshold image processing are the most suitable methods for assessing the reconstructed image quality in the field of projection holographic photolithography. Moreover, the second method does not require any additional calculations. Practical Relevance. Application of an adequate quality assessment method makes it possible to compare quickly and objectively the reconstructed images of the same objects obtained for various parameters of the synthesis setup and select the object representation form and the hologram synthesis setup that is the most suitable for a particular task.

Keywords: holography, computer-generated holograms, hologram reconstruction, photolithography, digital image processing, SSIM index, threshold processing

References
  1. Gusev A.I. Nanomaterials, Nanostructures, Nanotechnologies. Moscow, Fizmatlit Publ., 2007, 416 p. (in Russian)
  2. Bay C., Hübner N., Freeman J., Wilkinson T. Maskless photolithography via holographic optical projection. Optics Letters, 2010, vol. 35, no. 13, pp. 2230–2232. doi: 10.1364/OL.35.002230
  3. Sidorov D.V. On quality evaluation of restored images. Journal of Applied Informatics, 2008, no. 4(16), pp. 92–95. (in Russian)
  4. Collier R.J., Burckhardt Ch.B., Lin L.H. Optical Holography. New York, Academic Press, 1971. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-181050-4.X5001-X
  5. Bouwhuis G., Braat J., Huijser A. et. al. Principles of Optical Disc Systems. A. Hilger, 1985, 277 p.
  6. Moreau W.M. Semiconductor Lithography: Principles, Practices and Materials. New York, Plenum Press, 1988.
  7. Mack C. Fundamental Principles of Optical Lithography: The Science of Microfabrication. John Wiley & Sons, 2007, 534 p. doi: 10.1002/9780470723876
  8. Wong A. Resolution Enhancement Techniques in Optical Lithography. Bellingham, SPIE Press, 2001, 234 p. doi: 10.1117/3.401208
  9. Kireev V.Yu. Nanotechnology in Microelectronics. Nanolitography: Processes and Equipment. Dolgoprudny, Intellekt Publ., 2016, 319 p. (in Russian)
  10. Sonawane S., Deshpande A. Image quality assessment techniques: An overview. International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT), 2014, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 2013–2016.
  11. Corda R., Giusto D., Liotta A., Song W., Perra C. Recent advances in the processing and rendering algorithms for computer-generated holography. Electronics, 2019, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 556–573. doi: 10.3390/electronics8050556
  12. Wang Z., Bovik A.C., Sheikh H.R., Simoncelli E.P. Image quality assessment: From error visibility to structural similarity. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 2004, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 600–612. doi: 10.1109/TIP.2003.819861
  13. Starovoitov V.V. Enhancement of the structural similarity index SSIM. Informatics, 2018, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 41–55. (in Russian)
  14. Koreshev S.N., Nikanorov O.V., Ivanov Yu.A., Kozulin I.A. Program system for synthesis and digital reconstruction of holograms-projectors: Synthesis parameters effect on image reconstruction quality. Journal of Optical Technology, 2010, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 33­37. doi: 10.1364/JOT.77.000033
  15. Johnson S. Stephen Johnson on Digital Photography. USA, Sebastopol, CA, O'Reilly Media, Inc., 2006, 305 p.
  16. Ezhova K.V. Image Modeling and Processing. St. Petersburg, NIU ITMO, 2011, 93 p. (in Russian)
  17. Koreshev S.N., Nikanorov O.V., Gromov A.D. Method of synthesizing hologram projectors based on breaking down the structure of an object into typical elements, and a software package for implementing it. Journal of Optical Technology, 2012, vol. 79, no. 12, pp. 769­774. doi: 10.1364/JOT.79.000769
  18. Koreshev S., Gromov A., Nikanorov O. Modernized software complex for synthesis and reconstruction of fresnel holograms-projectors. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 2012, vol. 12, no. 6, pp. 12–17. (in Russian)
  19. Koreshev S.N., Starovoitov S.O., Smorodinov D.S. Impact of proximity effect on resolution in images reconstructed by computer-generated holograms. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 2019, vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 608–613. (in Russian). doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2019-19-4-608-613
  20. Koreshev S.N., Smorodinov D.S., Nikanorov O.V. Influence of the discreteness of synthetic and digital holograms on their imaging properties. Computer Optics, 2016, vol. 40, no. 6, pp. 793–801. (in Russian). doi: 10.18287/2412-6179-2016-40-6-793-801


Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Copyright 2001-2024 ©
Scientific and Technical Journal
of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics.
All rights reserved.

Яндекс.Метрика