doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2023-23-1-169-177


Grishentsev A.Yu., Goroshkov V.A., Chernov R.I.
Assessment of the limits of applicability and methods of modulation of near-field magnetic coupling

A. Y. Grishentsev, V. A. Goroshkov, R. I. Chernov


Read the full article  ';
Article in Russian

For citation:
Grishentsev A.Yu., Goroshkov V.A., Chernov R.I. Assessment of the limits of applicability and methods of modulation of near-field magnetic coupling. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 2023, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 169–177 (in Russian). doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2023-23-1-169-177


Abstract
The development of near-field magnetic systems and means of transmitting messages through media that significantly absorb the electromagnetic field is one of the topical areas of research in the field of wireless communication. These lossy media include water, soil, buildings. The attenuation of the magnetic field in conducting media increases with increasing frequency. To organize communication channels through a conductive medium such as sea water electromagnetic radiation of extremely low frequencies and ultra-low frequencies from 3 Hz to 300 Hz is used. Traditional communication methods due to electromagnetic radiation in that frequency ranges require large sizes of transmitting and receiving antennas. The near-field communication method makes possible significant reduction both the dimensions of receiving and emitting antennas and the transmitter power consumption. A significant limitation of near-field long-wave communication is the low bandwidth and small, up to tens of meters, communication range. The operating principle of the proposed communication system is based on the use of the magnetic component of an electromagnetic field. Transmitting element in proposed system is a solenoid with a magnetic core. Receiving magnetic field sensor is a magnet fixed on a torsion suspension. The magnet is combined with a mirror reflecting the laser beam. Rotation of the magnet under the action of an external magnetic field leads to a change in the angle of reflection of the laser beam from the mirror surface of the magnet. The reflected signal is recorded by a linear photodetector. The attenuation of the magnetic field during the transmission of radiation from a dielectric to a conducting medium was evaluated with the solution of Maxwell’s equations. A three-position binary phase shift keying and a modified three-position binary phase shift keying are developed and substantiated. The proposed solutions provide the opposite arrangement of signal symbols, high message information density, localization of the emitted signal energy in low-frequency region and an increase in communication range. Experiments had shown that usage of modified keying type shown an increase the communication range by 10 % with the same reliability of message delivery in comparison with three-position binary phase keying. The estimates of the weakening and attenuation of the magnetic field during propagation in layered media obtained from the simulation are confirmed by experimental measurements. The results of research could be used in solving problems of local deployment of secure near-field communication systems through media that absorb an electromagnetic field.

Keywords: magnetic coupling, binary phase manipulation, message transmission, magnetic shielding, radio wave propagation

References
  1. ApollonskiiS.M. Handbook for the Calculation of Electromagnetic Screens. Leningrad, Jenergoatomizdat Publ., 1988, 224 p. (inRussian)
  2. Apollonskii S.M. Differential Equations of Mathematical Physics in Electrical Engineering. St. Petersburg, Piter Publ., 2012. 352 p. (in Russian)
  3. YakovlevO.I., YakubovV.P., UryadovV.P., Pavel'evA.G.Radiowaves Spread. Moscow, Lenand Publ., 2009, 496 p. (in Russian)
  4. Sojdehei J.J., Wrathall P.N., Dinn D.F. Magneto-inductive (MI) communications. MTS/IEEE Oceans 2001. An Ocean Odyssey. Conference Proceedings. V. 1, 2001, pp. 513–519. https://doi.org/10.1109/OCEANS.2001.968775
  5. Bogie I.S. Conduction and magnetic signalling in the sea a background review. Radio and Electronic Engineer, 1972, vol. 42, no. 10, pp. 447–452. https://doi.org/10.1049/ree.1972.0076
  6. VlasovA., RodionovA. Prospects for the usage of underwater communication systems based on magnetic induction (review). FEFU: School of Engineering Bulletin, 2021, no. 2(47), pp. 36–49. (inRusian). https://doi.org/10.24866/2227-6858/2021-2-5
  7. GrishentsevA.Y., KorobeynikovA.G., GoroshkovV.A., ChernovR.I., TikhomirovA.V., KozinO.V. Developmen tand modeling of a magneto-optical magnetic field gradient sensor with a torsion suspension of the sensor element. Journal of Radio Electronics, 2021, no. 11, pp. 8. (inRussian). https://doi.org/10.30898/1684-1719.2021.11.4
  8. PerovN.S., GranovskiiS.A., StrelkovN.V., ShapaevaT.B., MakarovaL.A., ShapaevB.A.The Study of the Constant Magnetic Field. Numerical Modeling and Experiment. Moscow, MSU Publ., 2017, 23 p. (in Russian)
  9. Demirchian K.S., Neiman L.R., Korovkin N.V., Chechurin V.L. Theoretical Basics of Electrical Engineering. V. 3. St. Petersburg, Piter Publ., 2006, 337 p. (in Russian)
  10. Proakis J.G. Digital Communications. New York,McGraw-Hill Book Co.,1989.
  11. SklarB. DigitalCommunications. Pearson Education, 2009, 1164 p.
  12. IlinV.A., Pozniak E.G. Basics of Mathematical Analysis. Part 1. Moscow, Nauka, Fizmatlit Publ., 1998, 616 p. (in Russian)
  13. PismennyiD.T. HigherMathematics: LectureNotes.Moscow, Ajris-PressPubl., 2010, 608 p. (inRussian)
  14. KalantarovP.L., Tceitlin L.A. Inductance Calculation. Reference Book. Leningrad, Jenergoatomizdat Publ., 1986, 488 p. (in Russian)


Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Copyright 2001-2024 ©
Scientific and Technical Journal
of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics.
All rights reserved.

Яндекс.Метрика