doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2017-17-2-224-233


TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF MANUFACTURING SILICA OPTICAL FIBERS WITH LARGE CENTRAL DEFECT OF GRADED REFRACTIVE INDEX PROFILE FOR FIBER OPTIC SENSORS BASED ON FEW-MODE EFFECTS

V. V. Demidov, E. V. Ter-Nersesyantz, A. V. Bourdine, V. A. Burdin, A. Y. Minaeva, A. V. Khokhlov, A. V. Komarov, S. V. Ustinov, K. V. Dukelskii


Read the full article  ';
Article in Russian

For citation: Demidov V.V., Ter-Nersesyants E.V., Bourdine A.V., Burdin V.A., Minaeva A.Yu., Khokhlov A.V., Komarov A.V., Ustinov S.V., Dukelskii K.V. Technological aspects of manufacturing silica optical fibers with large central defect of graded refractive index profile for fiber optic sensors based on few-mode effects. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 2017, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 224–233 (in Russian). doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2017-17-2-224-233

Abstract

The paper deals with results of the study on the main technological aspects relating to a full production cycle of silica multimode graded-index fibers with the refractive index profile having central defect in the form of a large dip. Preform synthesis conditions for implementation of the mentioned defect via MCVD method have been analyzed and optimized. We have carried out research of the effect of geometrical irregularities, induced by drawing optical fibers under the manual control of the outer diameter stability, on attenuation coefficient of the graded-index 50/125 μm optical fibers with a large dip in the center of the refractive index profile. It is shown that variations of the outer diameter within the limits ± 3.5 μm lead to an increase of attenuation by 2–5 dB/km at the wavelength λ = 1310 μm as compared to the optical fibers fabricated under the automatic maintenance of the outer diameter stability. It has been determined that in the latter case fibers with the parabolic refractive index profile, corresponding to numerical aperture of 0.20, and the dip depth equal to 0.0115 demonstrate the attenuation about 5 dB/km in the second and third optical fiber transmission windows. Applying the Weibull distribution, a statistical evaluation of mechanical properties of the optical fibers drawn at various temperatures has been carried out. Based upon measurements, tensile strength of the fibers was estimated to be 5.07–5.49 GPa, that is comparable with the strength properties of silica telecom fibers. The manufactured multimode fibers are attractive candidates for developing sensing elements of registering external influences in systems of fiber-optic sensor networks based on few-mode effects.


Keywords: silica optical fiber, graded-index multimode fiber, graded-index profile, refractive index profile defect, few-mode effects, chemical vapor deposition, optical fiber drawing, microbending, attenuation coefficient, mechanical strength

Acknowledgements. The reported study was funded by the RFBR according to the research project No. 16-37-50089 mol_nr.

References
 1.          Listvin A.V., Listvin V.N., Shvyrkov D.V. Optical Fibers for Communication Lines. Moscow, LESARart Publ., 2003, 288 p. (In Russian)
2.          Smirnov I.G. Structured Cabling Systems: Design, Installation and Certification. Moscow, Ekon-Inform, 2005, 348 p. (In Russian)
3.          Semenov A.B. Fiber-Optic Subsystems of Modern Structured Cabling Systems. Moscow, Academia IT-DMK Press, 2007, 632 p. (In Russian)
4.          Bottacchi S. Multi-Gigabit Transmission over Multimode Optical Fibre: Theory and Design Methods for 10GbE Systems. JohnWiley&Sons, 2006, 670 p.
5.          Burdin A.V. Low-Mode Optical Signal Transmission Mode for Multimode Fibers: Application to Modern Infocommunications. Samara, PGUTI Publ., 2011, 274 p.
6.          Ellis A.D. The nonlinear Shannon limit and the need for new fibers. Proc. SPIE, 2012, vol. 8434, art. 84340H. doi: 10.1117/12.928093
7.          Burdin A.V. Differential modal delay of quartz multimode optical fibers of various generations. Foton-Ekspress, 2008, no. 5–6, pp. 20–22. (In Russian)
8.          Burdin A.V., Yablochkin K.A. Investigations of refractive index profile defects of silica graded-index multimode fibers of telecommunication cables. Infokommunikacionnye Tehnologii, 2010, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 22–27. (In Russian)
9.          Burdin A.V., Dmitriev E.V., Praporshchikov D.E., Sevruk N.L. Application of silica multimode optical fibers with large-size central defect of refractive index profile for fiber optic sensors based on a few-mode effects. Applied Photonics, 2016, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 252–279. (In Russian)
10.       Kafarova A.M., Faskhutdinov L.M., Kuznetzov A.A. et. al. Quasiinterferometric scheme improved by fiber Bragg grating for detection of outer mechanical stress influence on distributed sensor being silica multimode optical fiber operating in a few-mode regime. Proc. SPIE, 2016, vol. 9807, art. 98070K. doi: 10.1117/12.2234567
11.       Burdin A.V., Vasilets A.A., Burdin V.A., Morozov O.G. Distributed sensor on multimode optical fibers supplemented with fiber Bragg grating operating in few-mode signal transmission. Foton-Ekspress, 2016, no. 6, pp. 12–13.
12.       Burdin A.V., Burdin V.A., Vasilets A.A. et. al. Study of the spectral response of quartz multimode optical fibers with a bulky central defect of the gradient refractive index profile supplemented with a fiber Bragg grating. Proc. XIV Int. Conf. on Optical Technologies in Telecommunications. Samara, Russia, 2016, pp. 241–243.
13.       Tingye L. Optical Fiber Communications. Volume 1. Fiber Fabrication. Academic Press, 1985, 363 p.
14.       Lewin M., Preston J. Handbook of Fiber Science and Technology: Volume III. High Technology Fibers. NY, Marcel Dekker, 1993, 376 p.
15.       Mendez A., Morse T.F. Specialty Optical Fibers Handbook. Academic Press, 2007, 840 p.
16.       Oh K., Paek U.C. Silica Optical Fiber Technology for Devices and Components: Design, Fabrication, and International Standards. JohnWiley&Sons, 2012, 472 p.
17.       Korobeinikov A.G., Gatchin Yu.A., Dukel'skii K.V., Eron'yan M.A., Ter-Nersesyants E.V., Nesterova N.A. Compatibility analysis of fluorine silicate and borosilicate glass layers for optical fiber manufacturing. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 2012, no. 3, pp. 15–18. (In Russian)
18.       Dukel’skii K.V., Bureev S.V., Bisyarin M.A. et. al. Minimizing the optical losses in anisotropic single-mode lightguides with elliptical boron germanosilicate cladding. Journal of Optical Technology, 2012, vol. 79, no. 7, pp. 433–436. doi: 10.1364/jot.79.000433
19.       Andreev A.G., Bureev S.V., Eron'yan M.A. et. al. Increasing the birefringence in anisotropic single-mode fiber lightguides with elliptical stress cladding. Journal of Optical Technology, 2012, vol. 79, no. 9, pp. 107–109. doi: 10.1364/jot.79.000608
20.       Bisyarin M.A., Bureev S.V., Eronyan M.A. et. al. Anisotropic single-mode lightguides with an elliptical germanium silicate core and depressed cladding. Journal of Optical Technology, 2014, vol. 81, no. 2, pp. 108–110. doi: 10.1364/jot.81.000108
21.       Dukel'skii K.V., Eron'yan M.A., Meshkovskii I.K., Komarov A.V., Kulesh A.Yu., Romashova E.I., Ter-Nersesyants E.V. Increasing of polarization stability of anisotropic single-mode silica fibers with elliptical stress cladding.Opticheskii Zhurnal, 2016, vol. 83, no. 12, pp. 92–94. (In Russian)
22.       Snyder A.W., Love J.D. Optical Waveguide Theory. London-New-York, Chapman and Hall, 1983.
23.       Nagel S.R., McChesney J.B., Walker K.L. An overview of the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) process and performance. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 1982, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 459–476. doi: 10.1109/jqe.1982.1071596
24.       THORLabs 0.20 and 0.27 NA Graded-Index Multimode Fibers. Available at: https://www.thorlabs.de/newgrouppage9.cfm?objectgroup_id=358 (accessed 21.02.2017).
25.       Marcuse D. Losses and impulse response of a parabolic index fiber with random bends. Bell System Technical Journal, 1973, vol. 52, no. 8, pp. 1423–1437. doi: 10.1002/j.1538-7305.1973.tb02026.x
26.       Olshansky R. Mode coupling effects in graded-index optical fibers. Applied Optics, 1975, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 935–945. doi: 10.1364/ao.14.000935
27.       Burdin A.V., Burdin V.A., Dmitriev E.V. et. al. Analysis of input optical signal of  O-range through a matching standard single-mode fiber into  multimode graded-index optical fiber with a bulky central defect of refractive index profile. Infokommunikacionnye Tehnologii, 2016, vol. 14, no. 4 (in press)
28.       Hui R., O'Sullivan M. Fiber Optic Measurement Techniques. Elsevier, 2009, 672 p.
29.       Kurkjian C.R., Krause J.T., Matthewson M.J. Strength and fatigue of silica optical fibers. Journal of Lightwave Technology, 1989, vol. 7, no. 9, pp. 1360–1370. doi: 10.1109/50.50715


Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License
Copyright 2001-2024 ©
Scientific and Technical Journal
of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics.
All rights reserved.

Яндекс.Метрика