Efficiency analysis of planetary gears for electromechanical systems with distributed parameters

Lustenkov M.E., Korneev A.P., Lenevsky G.S. Efficiency analysis of planetary gears for electromechanical systems with distributed parameters. Scientific and Technical Journal of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics, 2026, vol. 26, no. 4, pp. 877–886. doi: 10.17586/2226-1494-2026-26-4-877-886

Theoretical determination of planetary gear efficiency at design stage for given gear ratio allows for comparison of various designs and selection of most efficient one, providing required kinematic characteristics and minimal power losses. This article examines theoretical determination of planetary gear efficiency for electromechanical systems with distributed parameters for given kinematic design for installed driving and driven links as well as known engagement efficiency of reversing mechanism. Comprehensive analysis of algorithms developed for theoretically estimating planetary gear efficiency is presented. These systems are considered within framework of specific kinematic designs where both driving and driven links are clearly defined, and known engagement efficiency of reversing mechanism is taken into account. Main objective is to provide tools for more accurate and universal determination of planetary gear efficiency. Algorithms for theoretical determination of planetary gear efficiency are developed. Two universal relationships are proposed that allow for estimating energy efficiency of various planetary gear kinematic designs, taking into account functions of driving and driven links. Method enables theoretical evaluation of efficiency at design stage. It is shown that in planetary gearboxes with leading carrier, when selecting kinematic design and gear tooth count to ensure given gear ratio, it is necessary to strive for positive gear ratio. This, all other things being equal, ensures higher efficiency and lower load on gearbox housing. For cycloidal-pinion gearboxes with two-crown satellite with cycloidal tooth profile, central gear, secured in housing, must have greater number of pinions than central gear mounted on driven shaft. Method is applicable to planetary gearboxes and cycloidal-pinion gearboxes operating in reduction and multiplier modes. Obtained results contribute to optimization of gearbox designs and contribute to increased energy savings and improved mechanical efficiency in various applications.

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